What is Pipe?
PIPE vs TUBE |
STEEL PIPE |
STEEL TUBE |
Key Dimensions
(Pipe and Tube Size Chart) |
The most important dimensions for a pipe is
the outer diameter (OD) together with the wall thickness (WT). OD minus 2
times WT (SCHEDULE) determine the inside diameter (ID) of a pipe, which
determines the liquid capacity of the pipe. The NPS does not match the true
diameter, it is a rough indication |
The most important dimensions for a steel
tube are the outside diameter (OD) and the wall thickness (WT). These
parameters are expressed in inches or millimeters and express the true
dimensional value of the hollow section. |
Wall Thickness |
The thickness of a steel pipe is designated
with a "Schedule" value (the most common are Sch. 40, Sch. STD.,
Sch. XS, Sch. XXS). Two pipes of different NPS and same schedule have
different wall thicknesses in inches or millimeters. |
The wall thickness of a steel tube is
expressed in inches or millimeters. For tubing, the wall thickness is
measured also with a gage nomenclature. |
Types of Pipes
and Tubes (Shapes) |
Round only |
Round, rectangular, square, oval |
Production range |
Extensive (up to 80 inches and above) |
A narrower range for tubing (up to 5
inches), larger for steel tubes for mechanical applications |
Tolerances
(straightness, dimensions, roundness, etc) and Pipe vs. Tube strength |
Tolerances are set, but rather loose.
Strength is not the major concern. |
Steel tubes are produced to very strict
tolerances. Tubulars undergo several dimensional quality checks, such as
straightness, roundness, wall thickness, surface, during the manufacturing
process. Mechanical strength is a major concern for tubes. |
Production
Process |
Pipes are generally made to stock with
highly automated and efficient processes, i.e. pipe mills produce on a
continuous basis and feed distributors stock around the world. |
Tubes manufacturing is more lengthy and
laborious |
Delivery time |
Can be short |
Generally longer |
Market price |
Relatively lower price per ton than steel
tubes |
Higher due to lower mills productivity per
hour, and due to the stricter requirements in terms of tolerances and
inspections |
Materials |
A wide range of materials is available |
Tubing is available in carbon steel, low
alloy, stainless steel, and nickel-alloys; steel tubes for mechanical
applications are mostly of carbon steel |
End Connections |
The most common are beveled, plain and
screwed ends |
Threaded and grooved ends are available for
quicker connections on site |
Good information.
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